7
Mohsen Seilsepour
Abstract
In this study, salinity tolerance of five sorghum varieties (Speedfeed, Kimia, Payam, Sepideh, and Pegah) was studied using five irrigation water salinity levels (non-saline water, 4, 8, 12 and 16 dS/m) in the greenhouse. The statistical design was a factorial randomized complete block design with 25 ...
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In this study, salinity tolerance of five sorghum varieties (Speedfeed, Kimia, Payam, Sepideh, and Pegah) was studied using five irrigation water salinity levels (non-saline water, 4, 8, 12 and 16 dS/m) in the greenhouse. The statistical design was a factorial randomized complete block design with 25 treatments and four replications. The studied traits included plant height, leaf area, dry weight of roots and shoots, ratio of dry weight of roots to shoots, leaf chlorophyll index, concentration of sodium, chlorine and potassium in leaves and roots. The effect of variety and the effect of salinity stress on the mean of all measured traits were significant (P <0.01). At salinities of 4, 8, 12, and 16 dS/m, shoot dry weight was lower than the control (5.72 g/plant) by16.2%, 35.1%, 55.7%, and 69.4%, weight of dried roots lost 26.6%, 53%, 72% and 82%, compared to the control (5 g/plant), and the leaf area of the plants decreased by 29.4%, 58.3%, 75.5%, and 86.3% compared to the control, respectively. There was a negative correlation between chlorine and leaf sodium concentrations with shoot dry weight. Fisher stress sensitivity coefficient was used to evaluate the salinity sensitivity of cultivars based on shoot dry weight. Based on this coefficient, Speedfeed variety had the lowest salinity sensitivity coefficient (0.73) and Pegah cultivar had the highest (1.21). Regression was determined between different salinity levels with shoot dry weight for each cultivar. Accordingly, Speedfed, Kimia, Payam, Sepideh, and Pegah cultivars suffered a 50% reduction in shoot dry weight in salinities of 13.89, 12.95, 9.73, 9.62 and 9.50 dS/m. Based on the results, Speedfeed variety had a higher salinity tolerance than other cultivars and is recommended for cultivation in saline soil and water conditions.
7
Mohsen Seilsepour
Abstract
In order to investigate effects of water salinity on germination characteristics of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd), an experiment was conducted in a factorial and randomized complete blocks design with 10 treatments and three replication, in 2020. Salinity factor was considered at five levels (zero, ...
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In order to investigate effects of water salinity on germination characteristics of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd), an experiment was conducted in a factorial and randomized complete blocks design with 10 treatments and three replication, in 2020. Salinity factor was considered at five levels (zero, 5, 10, 15 and 20 dS/m) and cultivars at two levels (Titicaca and Redcardina). Effects of salinity, cultivar, and their interaction were significant on germination percentage and its rate, length of shoot, root and seedling, vigor index, stem and root tolerance index. All characteristics were significantly reduced by salinity stress, with higher reduction in Redcardina than Titicaca. Salinity stress up to 5 dS/m had no significant effect on seed germination percentage of Titicaca, while in Redcardina, difference in germination percentage between distilled water (control) and salinity of 5 dS/m was significant. The highest germination percentage (100%) was obtained in treatment without salinity for both Titicaca and Redcardina. Germination percentage at salinity levels of 5, 10, 15 and 20 dS/m in Titicaca decreased by 1.4%, 4.9%, 14.3%, and 21%, and in Redcardina, by 2.6%, 6.6%, 18.3%, and 29.7% compared to the control. Stem length of cultivars at salinity levels of 5, 10, 15 and 20 dS/m compared to the control treatment were reduced by 6.8%, 14%, 27.6%, and 39.6% for Titicaca and 7.3%, 19.9%, 43.7% and 53.8% for Redcardina, respectively. This percentage reduction for root length of Titicaca was 2.1%, 12.6%, 32.6%, and 44.2% and for Redcardina was 6.4%, 21.2%, 38.2% and 57.9%. Salinity stress of 5, 10, 15 and 20 dS/m caused the dry weight of seedlings of Titicaca to decrease by 12.7%, 27.1%, 36.8% and 46.6% and in Redcardina by 11.4%, 27.8%, 45%, and 57.1%. Based on the results, Redcardina cultivar was more sensitive to salinity stress during germination than Titicaca.